Low-cost attacks on Ethereum by sub-13 stakeholders

Ethereum Slots Every epoch is divided into regular interval called slots, which occur every 12 seconds At every slot, one validator can propose a block

Low-cost attacks on Ethereum by sub-13 stakeholders Ethereum Proof-of-Stake Consensus Specifications def get_current_slot -> Slot: return Slot(GENESIS_SLOT + get_slots_since_genesis)

Ethereum Slots Every epoch is divided into regular interval called slots, which occur every 12 seconds At every slot, one validator can propose a block

dwptogel slot eth_getStorageAt is an Ethereum API method that returns the data stored at a specific storage slot within a smart contract

Slots and Epochs The Beacon Chain provides the heartbeat to Ethereum's consensus Each slot is 12 seconds and an epoch is 32 slots: minutes

ethereum slot Single slot finality It takes about 15 minutes for an Ethereum block to finalize However, we can make Ethereum's consensus mechanism validate blocks more

A randomly selected validator is tasked with proposing a new block every slot At the end of an epoch , one or more committees attests by